[Pharo-project] About Pharo - text to go with version 1.0
What about a "Pharo/Smalltalk Beginners Workspace" with colored text and some interesting expressions to evaluate (or just hyperlink-click for a simple doIt/printIt) This should start with simple expressions, unary, binary and keyword intro up to some high level code or cool demos (turtle graphics, ....). Ivan Tomek provided such a workspace (see http://lists.squeakfoundation.org/pipermail/squeak-dev/2000-April/013808.htm...) and I once started to adapt it to Squeak (see below). Bye Torsten ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ************************************************************* * INTRODUCTION TO SMALLTALK IN x EASY STEPS ************************************************************* This workspace introduces some of the concepts of Smalltalk - the language behind Pharo. It''s contents is executable and you should try all our suggested exercices. There is much more to Smalltalk and the references listed at the end provide additional information. ================================= Part 1: Objects and messages ================================= --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 1. EVERYTHING IN SMALLTALK IS AN OBJECT, AND ALL WORK IS DONE BY -- SENDING MESSAGES TO OBJECTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- To send a message we just have to enter text representing the object itself (which is the receiver of the message) and after that the message we want to send. To execute the following examples, - select the colored code text using the left mouse button (as in a word processor) - we can execute the text and print the result by selecting ''print it'' from the right mouse button <operate> menu - alternatively you can select the text and press ALT + p " 3 negated. "receiver is small integer 3, the message we send is ''negated'' " "The period is not necessary - it just preserves the color in this text since it marks the end of a Smalltalk statement. Note that if we send a message the object always responds by either returning a new object or by returning itself. In our example the object 3 responds with a new object -3 when we send the message ''negated''. When evaluating code using ''print it'' the responded object is printed. " "Now lets send a different message" 3 squared. "receiver is 3 again - the message is now squared" "Lets try some more examples" ''abc'' asUppercase. "receiver is string ''abc'' " ''HelloWorld'' reverse. "Lets reverse a string" 200 factorial. "1 * 2 * 3 * 4 ... * 199 * 200 returns a large number which is no problem for Smalltalk" "Simple message send can be used to ask an object. Note that the response is always an object" #(a b c) size. "lets ask an array for its size" ''123456'' isAllDigits. "is the string composed entirely of digits" "Instead of printing the result using the print it we can also open an inspector window on the result. This is done" "Note that compared to other languages even mathematical functions are handled by sending a message. instead of writing sin(x) we just have to send the message #sin to a number" 1 sin. "Converting objects is also typically done by sending messages" 123 asString. "you can convert an object to a string by sending #asString" 12.33 asInteger. "convert a float object into an integer object" ''12.34'' asNumber. "returns a number - here a float" "So the Smalltalk syntax simply is: Object always comes first (receiver), message follows. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 2. THERE ARE EXACTLY THREE KIND OF MESSAGES: Unary, binary and keyword messages --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.1. Unary messages ======================== We already know this type of message from the above examples. The message we send to an object is just a word, there are no arguments." 3 negated. "We already know this " ''Hello World'' subStrings. "This returns an array of substrings" "2.2. Binary messages ======================== As the name implies we have two objects playing a role in this message type - the receiver and exactly one argument object. Each binary message is a binary selector, constructed from one or two characters followed by the argument object." 3 + 4. "send the message + to the receiver object 3 with the argument 4 " "Take care: compared to other languages where both sides of such an expression are treated equally in Smalltalk the objects in a binary message are clearly separated into the receiver of the message (the object in front of the binary message selector) and the argument (the object behind the message selector). Note the difference: " 3 + 4.0. "here we send the message + to an integer with a float as argument object" 4.0 + 3. "here we send the message + to a float with an integer as argument object" "Binary messages are typically used for arithmetic and comparing objects. Some more examples: " 1 = 2. "we know it should return false" 2 * 3. "ohhh ... it''s so simple" 1 < 2. "The object 1 should tell us if it is smaller than 2 (the argument)" ''Hello'', ''World''. "Concatenating string is done by sending the message , (comma) with another string as argument" "---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ======================================== Part 2: Classes and their instances ======================================== --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 1. AN OBJECT MAY HAVE PROPERTIES (state) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 2. EVERY OBJECT IS AN INSTANCE OF A CLASS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 3. A CLASS IS A TEMPLATE FOR CREATING ITS INSTANCES --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ... Free Books on Smalltalk (available as PDF) http://www.iam.unibe.ch/~ducasse/FreeBooks.html -- "Feel free" - 10 GB Mailbox, 100 FreeSMS/Monat ... Jetzt GMX TopMail testen: http://www.gmx.net/de/go/topmail
sounds good! Can you give us the squeak version? Ideally it would be good to have Scriptloader install welcomeBeginnerWindow :) Stef On Nov 5, 2008, at 11:06 PM, Torsten Bergmann wrote:
What about a "Pharo/Smalltalk Beginners Workspace" with colored text and some interesting expressions to evaluate (or just hyperlink-click for a simple doIt/printIt)
This should start with simple expressions, unary, binary and keyword intro up to some high level code or cool demos (turtle graphics, ....).
Ivan Tomek provided such a workspace (see http://lists.squeakfoundation.org/pipermail/squeak-dev/2000-April/013808.htm...) and I once started to adapt it to Squeak (see below).
Bye Torsten
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ************************************************************* * INTRODUCTION TO SMALLTALK IN x EASY STEPS *************************************************************
This workspace introduces some of the concepts of Smalltalk - the language behind Pharo. It''s contents is executable and you should try all our suggested exercices. There is much more to Smalltalk and the references listed at the end provide additional information.
================================= Part 1: Objects and messages =================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 1. EVERYTHING IN SMALLTALK IS AN OBJECT, AND ALL WORK IS DONE BY -- SENDING MESSAGES TO OBJECTS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To send a message we just have to enter text representing the object itself (which is the receiver of the message) and after that the message we want to send.
To execute the following examples, - select the colored code text using the left mouse button (as in a word processor) - we can execute the text and print the result by selecting ''print it'' from the right mouse button <operate> menu - alternatively you can select the text and press ALT + p "
3 negated. "receiver is small integer 3, the message we send is ''negated'' "
"The period is not necessary - it just preserves the color in this text since it marks the end of a Smalltalk statement. Note that if we send a message the object always responds by either returning a new object or by returning itself. In our example the object 3 responds with a new object -3 when we send the message ''negated''. When evaluating code using ''print it'' the responded object is printed.
"
"Now lets send a different message" 3 squared. "receiver is 3 again - the message is now squared"
"Lets try some more examples" ''abc'' asUppercase. "receiver is string ''abc'' "
''HelloWorld'' reverse. "Lets reverse a string"
200 factorial. "1 * 2 * 3 * 4 ... * 199 * 200 returns a large number which is no problem for Smalltalk"
"Simple message send can be used to ask an object. Note that the response is always an object"
#(a b c) size. "lets ask an array for its size"
''123456'' isAllDigits. "is the string composed entirely of digits"
"Instead of printing the result using the print it we can also open an inspector window on the result. This is done"
"Note that compared to other languages even mathematical functions are handled by sending a message. instead of writing sin(x) we just have to send the message #sin to a number"
1 sin.
"Converting objects is also typically done by sending messages"
123 asString. "you can convert an object to a string by sending #asString"
12.33 asInteger. "convert a float object into an integer object"
''12.34'' asNumber. "returns a number - here a float"
"So the Smalltalk syntax simply is: Object always comes first (receiver), message follows.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 2. THERE ARE EXACTLY THREE KIND OF MESSAGES: Unary, binary and keyword messages ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1. Unary messages ======================== We already know this type of message from the above examples. The message we send to an object is just a word, there are no arguments."
3 negated. "We already know this "
''Hello World'' subStrings. "This returns an array of substrings"
"2.2. Binary messages ======================== As the name implies we have two objects playing a role in this message type - the receiver and exactly one argument object. Each binary message is a binary selector, constructed from one or two characters followed by the argument object."
3 + 4. "send the message + to the receiver object 3 with the argument 4 "
"Take care: compared to other languages where both sides of such an expression are treated equally in Smalltalk the objects in a binary message are clearly separated into the receiver of the message (the object in front of the binary message selector) and the argument (the object behind the message selector). Note the difference: "
3 + 4.0. "here we send the message + to an integer with a float as argument object"
4.0 + 3. "here we send the message + to a float with an integer as argument object"
"Binary messages are typically used for arithmetic and comparing objects. Some more examples: "
1 = 2. "we know it should return false"
2 * 3. "ohhh ... it''s so simple"
1 < 2. "The object 1 should tell us if it is smaller than 2 (the argument)"
''Hello'', ''World''. "Concatenating string is done by sending the message , (comma) with another string as argument"
"----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
======================================== Part 2: Classes and their instances ========================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 1. AN OBJECT MAY HAVE PROPERTIES (state) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 2. EVERY OBJECT IS AN INSTANCE OF A CLASS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 3. A CLASS IS A TEMPLATE FOR CREATING ITS INSTANCES --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ...
Free Books on Smalltalk (available as PDF) http://www.iam.unibe.ch/~ducasse/FreeBooks.html
-- "Feel free" - 10 GB Mailbox, 100 FreeSMS/Monat ... Jetzt GMX TopMail testen: http://www.gmx.net/de/go/topmail
_______________________________________________ Pharo-project mailing list Pharo-project@lists.gforge.inria.fr http://lists.gforge.inria.fr/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pharo-project
I have prepared something on the wiki (not yet complete): http://code.google.com/p/pharo/wiki/GettingStartedWorkspaces I'm planning to move more of Torsten's text there. As of now it is in Wiki markup, so it is easier to edit / discuss. Later on one could convert that to in-workspace text automatically. Matthias On Thu, Nov 6, 2008 at 8:43 AM, Stéphane Ducasse <stephane.ducasse@inria.fr> wrote:
sounds good! Can you give us the squeak version? Ideally it would be good to have
Scriptloader install welcomeBeginnerWindow :)
Stef
On Nov 5, 2008, at 11:06 PM, Torsten Bergmann wrote:
What about a "Pharo/Smalltalk Beginners Workspace" with colored text and some interesting expressions to evaluate (or just hyperlink-click for a simple doIt/printIt)
This should start with simple expressions, unary, binary and keyword intro up to some high level code or cool demos (turtle graphics, ....).
Ivan Tomek provided such a workspace (see http://lists.squeakfoundation.org/pipermail/squeak-dev/2000-April/013808.htm...) and I once started to adapt it to Squeak (see below).
Bye Torsten
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ************************************************************* * INTRODUCTION TO SMALLTALK IN x EASY STEPS *************************************************************
This workspace introduces some of the concepts of Smalltalk - the language behind Pharo. It''s contents is executable and you should try all our suggested exercices. There is much more to Smalltalk and the references listed at the end provide additional information.
================================= Part 1: Objects and messages =================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 1. EVERYTHING IN SMALLTALK IS AN OBJECT, AND ALL WORK IS DONE BY -- SENDING MESSAGES TO OBJECTS---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To send a message we just have to enter text representing the object itself (which is the receiver of the message) and after that the message we want to send.
To execute the following examples, - select the colored code text using the left mouse button (as in a word processor) - we can execute the text and print the result by selecting ''print it'' from the right mouse button <operate> menu - alternatively you can select the text and press ALT + p "
3 negated. "receiver is small integer 3, the message we send is ''negated'' "
"The period is not necessary - it just preserves the color in this text since it marks the end of a Smalltalk statement. Note that if we send a message the object always responds by either returning a new object or by returning itself. In our example the object 3 responds with a new object -3 when we send the message ''negated''. When evaluating code using ''print it'' the responded object is printed.
"
"Now lets send a different message" 3 squared. "receiver is 3 again - the message is now squared"
"Lets try some more examples" ''abc'' asUppercase. "receiver is string ''abc'' "
''HelloWorld'' reverse. "Lets reverse a string"
200 factorial. "1 * 2 * 3 * 4 ... * 199 * 200 returns a large number which is no problem for Smalltalk"
"Simple message send can be used to ask an object. Note that the response is always an object"
#(a b c) size. "lets ask an array for its size"
''123456'' isAllDigits. "is the string composed entirely of digits"
"Instead of printing the result using the print it we can also open an inspector window on the result. This is done"
"Note that compared to other languages even mathematical functions are handled by sending a message. instead of writing sin(x) we just have to send the message #sin to a number"
1 sin.
"Converting objects is also typically done by sending messages"
123 asString. "you can convert an object to a string by sending #asString"
12.33 asInteger. "convert a float object into an integer object"
''12.34'' asNumber. "returns a number - here a float"
"So the Smalltalk syntax simply is: Object always comes first (receiver), message follows.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 2. THERE ARE EXACTLY THREE KIND OF MESSAGES: Unary, binary and keyword messages
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1. Unary messages ======================== We already know this type of message from the above examples. The message we send to an object is just a word, there are no arguments."
3 negated. "We already know this "
''Hello World'' subStrings. "This returns an array of substrings"
"2.2. Binary messages ======================== As the name implies we have two objects playing a role in this message type - the receiver and exactly one argument object. Each binary message is a binary selector, constructed from one or two characters followed by the argument object."
3 + 4. "send the message + to the receiver object 3 with the argument 4 "
"Take care: compared to other languages where both sides of such an expression are treated equally in Smalltalk the objects in a binary message are clearly separated into the receiver of the message (the object in front of the binary message selector) and the argument (the object behind the message selector). Note the difference: "
3 + 4.0. "here we send the message + to an integer with a float as argument object"
4.0 + 3. "here we send the message + to a float with an integer as argument object"
"Binary messages are typically used for arithmetic and comparing objects. Some more examples: "
1 = 2. "we know it should return false"
2 * 3. "ohhh ... it''s so simple"
1 < 2. "The object 1 should tell us if it is smaller than 2 (the argument)"
''Hello'', ''World''. "Concatenating string is done by sending the message , (comma) with another string as argument"
"----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
======================================== Part 2: Classes and their instances ========================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 1. AN OBJECT MAY HAVE PROPERTIES (state)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 2. EVERY OBJECT IS AN INSTANCE OF A CLASS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 3. A CLASS IS A TEMPLATE FOR CREATING ITS INSTANCES
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ...
Free Books on Smalltalk (available as PDF) http://www.iam.unibe.ch/~ducasse/FreeBooks.html
-- "Feel free" - 10 GB Mailbox, 100 FreeSMS/Monat ... Jetzt GMX TopMail testen: http://www.gmx.net/de/go/topmail
_______________________________________________ Pharo-project mailing list Pharo-project@lists.gforge.inria.fr http://lists.gforge.inria.fr/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pharo-project
_______________________________________________ Pharo-project mailing list Pharo-project@lists.gforge.inria.fr http://lists.gforge.inria.fr/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pharo-project
participants (3)
-
Matthias Berth -
Stéphane Ducasse -
Torsten Bergmann